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FTO Conductive Glass Substrate
2024-12-03
FTO stands for Fluorine Doped Tin Dioxide, a N-type semiconductor material with high conductivity and transparency. Due to its excellent optoelectronic properties, FTO glass is widely used in solar cells, photoelectric sensors, touch screens and other fields.
FTO Glass Datasheet
| FTO COATED GLASS ( Glass Thickness : 1.6 mm ), ( Resistivity : ~10 ohms/sq ) | |||
| Product Code | Dimension (mm) | Surface Resistivity | Transmittance ( % ) |
| TBFT001 | 25mm × 25mm×1.6mm | ~10 ohms/sq | >79 |
| TBFT002 | 50mm × 25mm×1.6mm | ~10 ohms/sq | >79 |
| TBFT003 | 75mm × 25mm×1.6mm | ~10 ohms/sq | >79 |
| TBFT004 | 50mm × 50mm×1.6mm | ~10 ohms/sq | >79 |
| TBFT005 | 100mm × 100mm×1.6mm | ~10 ohms/sq | >79 |
| FTO COATED GLASS ( Glass Thickness : 2.2mm ), ( Resistivity : ~7 ohms/sq ) | |||
| Product Code | Length x Width | Surface Resistivity | Transmittance ( % ) |
| TBFTZ001 | 25mm × 25mm×2.2mm | ~7 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTZ002 | 50mm × 25mm×2.2mm | ~7 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTZ003 | 75mm × 25mm×2.2mm | ~7 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTZ004 | 50mm × 50mm×2.2mm | ~7 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTZ005 | 100mm × 100mm×2.2mm | ~7 ohms/sq | >85 |
| FTO COATED GLASS ( Glass Thickness : 2.2mm ), ( Resistivity : ~15 ohms/sq ) | |||
| Product Code | Length x Width | Surface Resistivity | Transmittance ( % ) |
| TBFTY001 | 25mm × 25mm×2.2 mm | ~15 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTY002 | 50mm × 25mm×2.2 mm | ~15 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTY003 | 75mm × 25mm×2.2 mm | ~15 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTY004 | 50mm × 50mm×2.2 mm | ~15 ohms/sq | >85 |
| TBFTY005 | 100mm × 100mm×2.2 mm | ~15 ohms/sq | >85 |
The chemical formula of FTO coated glass is F:SnO2.. FTO or "Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide" glass belongs to the TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide) glass field. It is basically a functional conductive glass product. Our FTO coated conductive glass has good thermal stability, weather resistance , high conductivity, high light transmission, low emissivity, good chemical stability and mechanical strength.
FTO coated glass substrates has excellent thermal and chemical resistance, which makes it thermally and chemically stable under atmospheric conditions.FTO glass coverslip is resistant to high temperature treatment.FTO glass substrate has a maximum working temperature of 650℃. It offers high performance and cost-effectiveness compared to other conductive glasses.
The FTO coating is applied on one side only, while the other surfaces is insulated. Spray pyrolysis is used to coat FTO films on float glass or clear soda-lime glass. There are many types of FTO coated glass depending on size and sheet resistivity. The main products are available in thicknesses of 1.1 mm, 1.6 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 3 mm, and 3.2 mm, with surface resistances ranging from 7 ohm/sq to 100 ohm/sq. in. The thickness of the FTO film layer is dependent on the desired surface resistance, which is typically in the range of 50 nm to 200 nm. We produce FTO coated glass sheets in sizes up to 405 mm x 355 mm (i.e. 16 inches x 14 inches), with commonly used sizes of 50 mm x 50 mm, 75 mm x 75 mm, 100 mm x 100 mm, and 300 mm x 300 mm. Other sizes, of course, can be customized. Our FTO coated glass substrates can achieve transmittance of 82%~85% at 550 nm with less than 2% haze, and the surface roughness is RMS 1~10 nm. Additionally, we offer customized laser-etched patterned.
( To solve the problem of low transmittance and to respond to the market demand, our company have launched 4 new FTO conductive glass with AR coating in Feb,2025 .)
( To solve the problem of low transmittance and to respond to the market demand, our company have launched 4 new FTO conductive glass with AR coating in Feb,2025 .)
FTO Coated Glass Applications
FTO (Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide) coated glass is an electrically conductive glass used in hybrid, organic and dye-sensitized solar cells as well as other applications such as photovoltaics, transparent electrodes, touchscreens, display technology, smart glass, optoelectronics, energy-saving windows, infrared detection, capacitors, electrochemical deposition, and more. Of course, FTO glass has become the focus of researchers because of its excellent photovoltaic properties, and therefore, it is also used in laboratories, research institutes and so on.
FTO Coated Glass Advantages
①Transparency: FTO glass has excellent optical transparency, especially in the visible and near-ultraviolet regions, which is important for photovoltaic and optoelectronic display applications.
② Conductivity: FTO glass has high electrical conductivity, which makes it useful for a wide range of applications in electronic devices and circuits.
③ Stability: FTO glass has good chemical and thermal stability, which allows it to maintain its properties under a variety of environmental conditions.
④ Ease of Accessibility: FTO glass is relatively simple and inexpensive to produce, which allows it to be used in large-scale commercial applications.
FTO is attracting a lot of attention as an alternative to ITO as a transparent conductive film. It has the advantages of better heat resistance without the use of the rare metal indium, high transparency, excellent conductivity and low cost.
How FTO Glass is Made
FTO glass has become an important material in electronics, photovoltaics, photovoltaics and other fields. So, how is this amazing FTO glass manufactured? In the preparation process of FTO glass, its conductivity and light transmittance can be adjusted by controlling the fluorine content. Etching technology, on the other hand, removes one or more layers from the surface of FTO glass by physical or chemical methods to change its surface properties.
The production process of FTO glass mainly includes the following steps:
1, Batching: according to the composition requirements of the FTO glass, the raw materials such as SnO2, Sb2O3, ZnO and so on with high purity are selected and mixed according to a certain proportion. In the process of dosing, to ensure that all kinds of raw materials are fully mixed to ensure the stability of the performance of the final product.
2、Smelting: put the matched raw materials into the high temperature furnace for melting. Melting temperature is usually above 1500 ℃, need to maintain a certain period of time, so that a variety of raw materials fully melted and formed a homogeneous melt. In the melting process, the temperature and atmosphere should be strictly controlled to prevent the introduction of impurities and oxidation of the melt.
3, Molding: the melted melt for molding. There are a variety of molding methods, such as floating method, rolling method, stretching method. Among them, the float method is the most commonly used method for producing FTO glass, the principle of which is to float the melt on the surface of the tin liquid in the tin tank, so that the melt is gradually cooled and molded by controlling the temperature and speed. During the molding process, the flatness and thickness uniformity of the melt should be ensured to meet the requirements of subsequent processing.
4、Heat treatment: The molded FTO glass is heat treated to eliminate internal stress and improve product performance. Heat treatment methods include annealing, strengthening, quenching, etc. The specific choice of which method should be determined according to the performance requirements of the product and processing technology. Heat treatment process, the temperature and time should be strictly controlled to prevent product deformation and performance degradation.
5、Cutting and Grinding: The heat-treated FTO glass will be cut and grinded to meet the needs of practical applications. Cutting methods include laser cutting, waterjet cutting, etc., which can accurately cut out the required size and shape. The edge grinding treatment is to eliminate the burrs and cracks on the cut edges to improve the safety and aesthetics of the products.
6、Surface treatment: In order to improve the conductivity and anti-pollution properties of FTO glass, surface treatment is usually required. Surface treatment methods include anodizing, chemical coating, vacuum evaporation and so on. These methods can form a layer of conductivity and anti-pollution performance in the FTO glass surface of the film, thus improving the overall performance of the product.
The differences between ITO and FTO are summarized in the table below:
| ITO Glass | FTO Glass | |
| Heat resistance | Basically not. | Very good |
| Conductivity (Specific Resistance Value: Ωcm) | 1.8 x 10-4 | 8.5 x 10-4 |
| Transparency ( Light transmittance ) | 96% | 87% |
| Surface | Smooth | Fine bumps |
The major difference between FTO and ITO is the heat resistance; at sintering temperatures above 300°C, the conductivity (specific resistance) of ITO is very high, which reduces its performance as a transparent conductive film, whereas FTO does not have this problem at all.
For this reason, the electron transport layer in dye-sensitized and mercuric solar cells requires the sintering of a porous layer of TiO2 at temperatures of up to 500°C. Therefore, FTOs are often used because of their good heat resistance.
In addition, in order to increase the electrical conductivity of FTO, a sufficient thickness has to be ensured when using it, which makes it less transparent than ITO.
Moreover, the surface of FTO is slightly uneven, which causes light to scatter when passing through the substrate and reduces the transmittance. For this reason, it is also necessary to consider a substrate that increases the transmittance of light required for liquid crystal displays, and organic light-emitting materials are preferred.
Want to know more differences between ITO & FTO Glass !
Want to know more differences between ITO & FTO Glass !
How to Clean FTO Glass ?
Contaminants on the surface of FTO glass can have a serious impact on its electrical conductivity during use. Therefore, how to effectively clean the FTO glass and maintain its good conductivity is an important issue for our Tibbo research.
First of all, we need to understand the conductive mechanism of FTO glass, whose conductivity mainly comes from its internal free electrons and holes. When light shines on the surface of FTO glass, photons will be absorbed and excited electron-hole pairs, these electron-hole pairs can move freely under the action of the electric field, thus forming an electric current. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of FTO glass is closely related to the cleanliness of its surface.
In the cleaning process of FTO glass, we need to pay attention to the following points:
1, The choice of cleaning agents: the choice of suitable cleaning agent for FTO glass is the key to ensure the cleaning effect. Generally speaking, should choose to FTO glass non-corrosive, environmentally friendly cleaning agent. Commonly used cleaning agents are alcohol, acetone, deionized water and so on.
2, The choice of cleaning methods: FTO glass cleaning methods mainly include ultrasonic cleaning, immersion cleaning, brushing cleaning and so on. Among them, ultrasonic cleaning is a more efficient cleaning method, which can effectively remove the oil and dust on the surface of FTO glass. Immersion cleaning is suitable for large area FTO glass cleaning. Brushing cleaning is suitable for localized FTO glass with serious pollution.
3, The treatment after cleaning: after cleaning , the FTO glass needs to be dried to prevent moisture residue on the surface to affect the conductive properties. At the same time, also need to carry out optical testing to ensure that the surface of the cleaned FTO glass without scratches and defects.
4, The control of cleaning frequency: FTO glass cleaning frequency should be controlled according to its use of the environment and the degree of pollution. Generally speaking, for the frequent use of FTO glass, it should be cleaned regularly; for the infrequent use of FTO glass, the cleaning cycle can be extended appropriately.
Tibbo Glass has been specialising in the production of toughened glass for over 20+ years, with toughening grades up to IK08/09/10. We specialise in the production of electrical and electronic glass, display cover glass, AG Glass, AR Glass, AF coated glass, ITO Coated Glass, FTO conductive glass and more. Any questions , please feel free to contact.